Medicina Comunitária e Educação em Saúde

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Effect of Glucose and Fructose on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)- A Review

Amirtha Tom, Shima Zamanigerashi, Haritha S Nath

The liver is a large organ in the abdomen that is responsible for many vital functions in the body. Liver diseases will cause a gradual loss of liver function and result in inflammation and destruction of renal parenchyma. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has been a public health concern since diabetes and obesity are more prevalent than ever. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver condition, increases the risk of other comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as well as liver related morbidity and death. Insulin resistance is the primary cause of NAFLD, but other complex factors such as lifestyle, hormones and genetics also play a role in its development. High carbohydrate consumption is major stimulants to NAFLD by concerning the involvement of carbohydrate induced De Novo Lipogenesis (DNL) pathway and the gut microbiome in NAFLD. The increased consumption of fructose rich sweeteners, such as High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), in the diet caused mitochondrial dysfunction and increased apoptotic activity in the liver. In this reviews we focus on how fat, carbohydrates, glucose and sugar substances accumulate and affect the liver, in addition how to keep them under control.