Jornal de doenças infecciosas e terapia

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Mini-review on Evolutionary Dance between Innate Host Antiviral Pathways and SARS-CoV-2

Lulan Wang, Nathaniel A. Sands, Anthony Yu, Heejae Lee, Saba Aliyari, Genhong Cheng

Coronaviruses have been circulating in the human population for thousands of years and the human immune system is ineffective in fighting them. However, the innate immune response is a promising avenue for therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging viruses. Deficiencies in innate immune signalling are associated with poor outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 patients, emphasizing the need to understand and harness these mechanisms in the fight against the virus. Innate antiviral strategies range from the direct inhibition of viral components to reprograming the host's own metabolic pathways to block viral infection. The current knowledge of the innate immune signaling pathways triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on the type I interferon response, as well as the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 impairs those defenses.